How to Make a Movie or Film : An Overview
Professor Ram Lakhan Meena, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer,INDIA
Film Production
Process : An overview
v Three major stages of production
v Preproduction – Planning,
research, writing, organizing
v Production – Shooting,
recording, acting, performing
v Postproduction – Editing,
fixing, sweetening, copying, evaluating
Production
Process - Preproduction 1(Part-A)
v Cannot just run out and shoot…
v Work closely with client throughout
v Program idea - from basic to
specific
v Inspiration - for style &
content… be aware, alert, curious…
v Goals, purpose of production,
audience, outlet (distribution)
v Research - background, details
v Client history, background,
relationship
v Budget
Production
Process - Production 1(Part-B)
v Translate idea into program (encode
message)
v Location or studio shoot (edited or
“mixed” live)
v Additional footage - cover video,
b-roll, 2nd unit
v Reshoots
v Archival pictures/film/video -
source, location
v Stock footage - source
v Music/score - original, library
v Graphics - design & creation
v Narration, voice-over - talent,
facilities
Production
Process - Preproduction 2 (Part-A)
v Planning - creative ideas,
production style, persuasive style, scriptwriting and re-writing, storyboard
v Production decisions:
v Final budget
v Types and sources of music, crew
& equipment, locations, talent
v Schedule of activities
v Time frame, final “deliverables”
Production
Process - Preproduction 2 (Part-B)
v Key Production Personnel (note -
field vs. studio)
v Director, assistant director
v Producer & assistants/associates
v Videographer, Director of Photography
(DP) & assistants, camera operators
v Key Production Personnel (note -
field vs. studio)
v Lighting director
v Audio director/engineer
v Studio: Technical director
(TD), floor person (grip), Character Generator (CG), videotape
operator, video engineer
Production
Process - Preproduction 3
v Key preproduction personnel
v Director - overall responsibility for
translating script to production
v Producer - coordinator, manager of production
activities
v Key preproduction personnel
v Scriptwriter
v Music coordinator
v Post-production supervisor
v Client contact (the right person)
Production
Process - Preproduction 4
v Key preproduction personnel
v Art director - set design
v Lighting director
v Floor manager (studio only)
v Technical director (studio only)
v Small company, small project yields
more overlap of duties
Production
Process - Postproduction (editing) 1
v Multi-camera style (game show, talk
show, sporting event)
v Option 1: live broadcast, no need to
“post produce”
v Option 2: clean up errors, remove
bad language, condense/consolidate, add necessary video/titles/credits, music,
etc…
v Multi-camera style (game show, talk
show, sporting event)
v Option 3: “repurpose” - edit program
for a different use
Production
Process - Postproduction 2
v Single camera (“film style”):
v Following script select best
takes/shots/still photos, etc…combine with audio to create final program
v (Note: it’s not that simple, keep
reading.)
Production
Process - Postproduction 3
v Documentary, news, news magazine
example:
v Log footage (20, 30, 50:1 shooting
ratio)
–
View
footage, write down or digitally store shots you plan to use
–
Very
important step - re-familiarize yourself with what you have, select best shots,
quotes
v Capture footage to computer for
digital editing
v Identify additional needs - acquire
elements
v Rough edit in sections
v Final edit - transitions, titles,
credits, audio sweetening, color correction
v Editing - very creative and
stimulating, very time consuming and tedious at times. Computer skills a must!
Production
Process - Post production 4
v Review by client
v Make changes
v Formative Evaluation of production
with test audience - formal/informal
–
During
process, make changes to program
v Final edit
v Distribute
v Summative Evaluation - evaluate
effectiveness of production or campaign in the real world
Production
Process Summary
v All three steps important
v Failure to plan is a plan to fail
(cliché but true)
v Always keep client’s goals, audience
effects in mind throughout the process
v Part of your job as
producer/director is to determine needs, goals, capabilities of client and
production team and to educate your clients in the process.
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